长距虾脊兰（中国高等植物图鉴）
长距根节兰（台湾植物志）
Calanthe sylvatica (Thou.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. 250. 1833; Seidenf. et J. J. Wood Orch. Penins. Malay. Singap. 167. 1992; Z. H. Tsi, S. C. Chen et K. Mori, Wild Orch. China 54. pl. 58. 1997; 中国兰花全书 141. 图6-8 (6, 7). 1998. ——Centrosis sylvatica Thou. Orch. Iles Afr. t. 35, 36. 1822. ——Bletia masuca D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal 30. 1825. ——Calanthe masuca (D. Don) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. 249. 1833, in Bot. Reg. 5: 51. Misc. 1842, et 7: t. 37. 1844; et Fol. Orch. Calanthe 6. 1854; Hook. f. in Curtis’s Bot. Mag. 76: t. 4541. 1850; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. Bot. Syst. 6: 915. 1864; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 850. 1890; King et Pantl. in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 8: 173. Pl. 234. 1898; Mitra, Fl. Pl. East. Ind. 1: 327. 1958; Banerji et Thapa in J. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. 69(2): 284. 1972; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 25(3, 4): 203. 1972; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29(2): 19. t. 2 , fig. 6. 1975; 台湾植物志 5: 912. 1978; H. Hara et al., Enum. Flow. Pl. Nepal 1: 35. 1978; 台湾兰科植物彩色图志 1: 188. 1996. ——Calanthe textori Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Ludg. Bat. 2: 204. 1866; Garay et Sweet, Orch. South. Ryukyu Isl. 120. 123 (fig. 14-f). 1974; 台湾兰科植物 1: 96-97 (图). 1975. ——Calanthe masuca Lindl. var. sinensis Rendle in J. Bot. Brit. For. 40: 310. 1902; S. Y. Hu, l. c., et Gen. Orch. Hong Kong 93. t. 52. 1977. ——Calanthe longicalcarata Hayata ex Yamamoto in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formos. 20: 39. 1930, et Suppl. Icon. Pl. Formos. 5: 11. 1932; Masamune in J. Geobot. 25(2): t. 7. 1977. ——Calanthe seikooensis Yamamoto in J. Soc. Trop. Agr. 3: 237. 1931. ——Calanthe kintaroi Yamamoto in J. Soc. Trop. Agr. 6: 550. 1934.
Forests, damp places on riversides, along valleys; 800-2000 m. Guangdong, N and SE Guangxi, Hunan, Taiwan, SE Xizang, S and SE Yunnan [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Madagascar]. |
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Plants to 80 cm tall, without distinct rhizome. Pseudobulbs conic, 1-2 × ca. 1 cm. |
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Leaves 3-6, well developed and spreading at anthesis, not deciduous; blade elliptic to obovate, 20-40 × ca. 10.5 cm, abaxially sparsely pubescent, apex acute or acuminate; petiole-like base 11-23 cm. |
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Scape arising from leaf axil, erect, 45-75 cm, stout, with 2 tubular sheaths below middle; rachis laxly to subdensely many flowered; floral bracts persistent, lanceolate, 10-18 mm, densely puberulent. Flowers pale pinkish purple with purple lip sometimes flushed orange; pedicel and ovary ca. 35 mm, densely puberulent. Dorsal sepal elliptic, 18-23 × 6-10 mm, abaxially sparsely puberulent, 5-7-veined, apex acute; lateral sepals oblong, 20-28 × 6-9 mm, abaxially sparsely puberulent, 5-7-veined, apex acute and shortly caudate. Petals obovate or broadly oblong, 15-20 × 9-12 mm, 5-veined, apex obtuse or subacute; lip adnate to entire length of column wings, 11-17 × 6-14 mm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes falcate-lanceolate, ca. 5 × 1.5-2 mm, attenuate toward apex; mid-lobe flabellate or reniform, 10-14 mm wide, base shortly clawed, apex emarginate or shallowly 2-lobed; disk with 3 rows of small, yellow, crested warts at base; spur cylindric, 25-50 mm, outside sparsely puberulent, apex obtuse. Column ca. 5 mm, dilated at apex, nearly glabrous; rostellum 2-lobed; lobes ca. 0.7 mm; pollinia narrowly obovoid, equal in size, ca. 2 mm; viscidium suboblong, small. Fl. Apr-Sep. 2n = 20, 40, 42, 52. |
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